How does an external locus of control typically affect self-esteem?

An external locus of control refers to the belief that outcomes in life are determined by external factors, such as luck, chance, or other people's actions, rather than by one's own efforts or choices. This perspective can have a significant impact on an individual's self-esteem. When a person feels that they have little control over their circumstances, they may develop feelings of helplessness or inadequacy, leading to lower self-esteem.

Individuals with an external locus of control might attribute their failures or setbacks to things beyond their control, which can reinforce negative self-perceptions. They may believe that their efforts are futile and thus become discouraged from taking risks or pursuing goals, further diminishing their confidence and self-worth. This cycle often perpetuates a view of oneself as powerless, causing self-esteem to suffer.

In contrast, an internal locus of control—where individuals believe they can influence outcomes through their actions—typically supports higher self-esteem, as people feel more competent and capable. This understanding allows for a clearer connection between one's actions and their results, fostering a sense of agency and positivity towards self-worth.